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Most sites are invisible to search. Now they are invisible to AI too.

Buyers used to type into Google. Now they also ask ChatGPT, Claude, Perplexity, Gemini and Google’s AI overviews, and those tools only name a brand they can read and check. This playbook walks you through 52 steps across six sections. Every step tells you where to find the number, what it costs to get, and what a good answer looks like. Nothing to install, no signup, and your answers stay in your browser.

Who are we auditing?

Six more questions make this specific to your business

Where your site stands, in one view

Work through six sections. Mark each step Pass, Fix or N/A, and the score builds as you go.

Not scored yet
Nothing reviewed yet

Start anywhere. Technical foundations first is the usual order, because the later sections assume search engines and AI crawlers can already read your site.

Technical foundations
On-page and content
Off-page authority
Rank and performance
Diagnosis
AI visibility (GEO and AEO)

1Technical foundations

Can search engines and AI crawlers reach, read and index the site?

11 steps

Re-run quarterly, and straight after any site change, redesign, or move to a new domain.

1

Crawl blockers high impact

Is anything on your side stopping search engines reaching your pages?

Why it matters. A page that cannot be crawled cannot rank, and no amount of content or link work changes that.

What to look at

Pages marked non-indexable, plus any noindex tag or robots.txt rule blocking a page you want ranked

Good looks like

Zero pages blocked that you intend to rank.

If it fails

Remove the blocking directive, then request indexing in Search Console.

2

Index coverage high impact

How many of your pages has Google actually indexed?

Why it matters. Only Search Console can tell you what Google holds. Bing Webmaster Tools does the same for Bing, which is worth checking separately because Bing's index is one of the things ChatGPT search reads from.

What to look at

Indexed pages against sitemap pages, and sitemap processing status

Good looks like

90% or more of submitted pages indexed, sitemap processed within the last 30 days.

If it fails

Resubmit the sitemap, fix blockers found in the previous step, and improve internal links to unindexed pages.

3

Broken pages and links

Are you sending crawlers and people to pages that error?

Why it matters. Google only crawls so many of your pages in a given period, and broken pages use up that allowance for nothing. It is worse when another site links to a page of yours that now errors, because the value of that link goes nowhere.

What to look at

Pages returning a server error or a not-found, and the internal links and images still pointing at them

Good looks like

No server errors at all. Under 1% of your internal links pointing at pages that no longer exist.

If it fails

Repoint or remove the broken links. Redirect any missing page that still has other sites linking to it.

4

Redirect chains

Do your redirects hop more than once before landing?

Why it matters. Each hop loses a little and slows the page. Chains usually build up quietly after a site move or redesign.

What to look at

Redirects that pass through an intermediate URL before landing, and internal links pointing at a redirect rather than the final page

Good looks like

No chain longer than one hop.

If it fails

Point every redirect straight at its final destination.

5

Canonical tags

Do your canonical tags point somewhere valid?

Why it matters. A canonical aimed at a redirect, a broken page or itself in a loop tells Google to index the wrong thing or nothing.

What to look at

Canonical tags pointing at a redirect, a broken page, another canonical, or looping back on themselves

Good looks like

Every canonical tag points, in one step, at a page that loads normally.

If it fails

Point each canonical at the live final URL.

6

Core Web Vitals, field

What did real visitors actually experience?

Why it matters. This is the data Google actually scores you on, because it comes from real visits to your site. The lab test in the next step is for working out what to fix. This one decides whether you passed.

What to look at

Core Web Vitals report, mobile and desktop

Good looks like

75% or more of visits pass on every metric.

If it fails

Use the lab audit in the next step to find causes, fix them, then confirm here. Field data lags about 28 days.

7

Core Web Vitals, lab

What is making the page slow, specifically?

Why it matters. Field data tells you that you have a problem. Lab data tells you which resource caused it.

What to look at

The Lighthouse performance score, how long the main content takes to appear, and which scripts or stylesheets are holding up the render

Good looks like

Performance 90 or above on the page types that carry the most traffic.

If it fails

Work the Lighthouse opportunities in order of estimated saving, largest first.

9

Structured data

Do your pages carry valid structured data, of the right type?

Why it matters. Structured data drives rich results and gives AI systems an explicit description rather than a guess.

What to look at

Whether each template carries structured data, whether it validates, and whether the type matches what the page actually is

Good looks like

Every page type carries markup, no validation errors, and the type matches what the page actually is.

If it fails

Fix errors first, then check the type is right. The crawl proves the markup exists. The Schema Markup Validator proves it is valid. Only the Rich Results Test proves Google will actually use it.

10

HTTPS and mobile

Is every page secure and usable on a phone?

Why it matters. Indexing is mobile-first, so the phone version is the version that counts.

What to look at

Pages not on HTTPS, secure pages linking out to insecure ones, missing mobile viewport settings, and unusually heavy pages

Good looks like

Everything on HTTPS, no secure page linking to an insecure one, and the mobile viewport tag set on every page type.

If it fails

Force HTTPS and repoint internal links at the secure URL.

11

Hreflang

If you serve more than one country or language, are the tags correct and reciprocal?

Why it matters. Broken hreflang sends the wrong language version to the wrong market, or collapses them into one.

What to look at

Reciprocal tags, valid language and region codes, a self-referencing tag on each page

Good looks like

Each language version lists every other one, including itself, and a default version is set for everyone else.

If it fails

Rebuild the set so each page lists every alternative version including its own.

2On-page and content

Do the pages answer what buyers actually ask, in the format the results reward?

15 steps

Revisit when you publish new pages or rewrite old ones, and review the whole section quarterly.

1

Buyer question bank high impactflags missing sources

What do {audience} actually ask about {use_case}, in their own words?

Why it matters. Every step after this one uses the questions you collect here. If they all came from one place, you inherit that one source's blind spots, and every later answer looks confident while being wrong.

AlsoAsked and AnswerSocrates are the free route to the questions people actually type. A single search-results lookup per seed phrase returns people-also-ask questions, related searches, forum discussions and the AI overview together, for about $0.002.

What to look at

Every question tagged with where it came from, separating what you observed from your own buyers and data from what was inferred from search tools

Good looks like

At least two different sources, one of them your own evidence. Every question carries where it came from.

If it fails

Add your own sources. Search Console queries are free and already yours. Interview transcripts and support tickets usually exist and are rarely read.

2

Keyword set with volume and difficulty

Do you have a real keyword list for {market}, with what each term is worth and how hard it is?

Why it matters. Without volume and difficulty next to each term, every content decision is a guess. Most sites lose a year competing for terms their domain cannot win, when a lower-difficulty tier with real demand sits untouched next to it.

What to look at

A list of seed terms expanded into long-tail variations, each with monthly search volume and a difficulty score, filtered to what your domain can realistically reach

Good looks like

Every target term carries a volume and a difficulty, and the list is filtered to difficulty your current authority can win.

If it fails

Start from your seed terms, expand them with a keyword tool, and pull volume and difficulty for each. Then cut everything above the difficulty your domain rank supports and work up from the bottom.

3

Title tags

Does every page have a unique, well-formed title?

Why it matters. The title is still the single strongest on-page signal and the line people decide on in the results.

What to look at

Pages with no title, titles too short or too long, and the same title used on more than one page

Good looks like

Every page unique, under 60 characters, primary term near the front.

If it fails

Rewrite duplicates and overlong titles, starting with the pages that already get impressions.

4

Meta descriptions

Does every page have a unique description that earns the click?

Why it matters. It does not rank the page, but it moves click-through rate, which is free traffic at a position you already hold.

What to look at

Pages with no description, and the same description used on more than one page

Good looks like

Every page unique, between 120 and 160 characters.

If it fails

Write descriptions for the pages with high impressions and low click-through rate first.

5

Headings

Does every page have one clear H1 and a sensible heading order?

Why it matters. Headings are how both crawlers and AI extractors work out what a page is about and which parts answer what.

What to look at

Pages with no H1, with more than one, or with headings that skip levels

Good looks like

Exactly one H1 per page, describing the page rather than the brand.

If it fails

Add the missing H1 and demote any duplicates.

6

Thin pages

Which pages have too little on them to rank for anything?

Why it matters. Thin pages dilute the site and rarely earn their crawl. They are usually cheaper to merge or remove than to improve.

What to look at

Pages carrying very little text for their size, low word counts, and poor readability scores

Good looks like

No page you want indexed sitting below the word count that page type needs.

If it fails

Merge, expand or remove. A page worth keeping is worth finishing.

7

Experience, expertise and trust signals high impact

Can a reader, a search engine or an AI assistant tell who wrote this and why they should be believed?

Why it matters. For anything touching health, money, safety or law, this is the factor that decides whether a page ranks at all, and it is the same factor that decides whether an AI assistant will quote it. Anonymous content with no sources and no named author loses to a worse page with a named expert behind it.

Where to find it
Manual checkfreeGoogle, in an incognito windowfreeThe brand's own recordsfree
What to look at

Named authors with real credentials and a biography page, a named reviewer on sensitive pages, publication and updated dates, outbound citations to authoritative sources, an editorial policy, and first-hand experience visible in the writing

Good looks like

Every page that matters names its author, shows a published and updated date, cites its sources, and on sensitive subjects names a qualified reviewer.

If it fails

Name the author and give them a real biography page. On anything about health, money, safety or law, name a qualified reviewer and publish an editorial policy. Cite an authoritative source for every claim, and let first-hand experience show rather than claiming expertise.

8

Depth against what already ranks

Do your pages cover what the pages already ranking cover?

Why it matters. A page can be long and still miss half of what the question needs. Search engines and AI assistants both favour the page that answers the whole question, not the longest one.

What to look at

Subjects that every page on the first results page covers and yours does not

Good looks like

Your page covers every subject the ranking pages share, in your own words and with your own examples.

If it fails

Add the missing subjects to the page you already have rather than starting a new one, and keep your own numbers and examples in rather than rewriting to match everyone else.

9

Content angle against what already ranks

Does your page say something the ranking pages do not?

Why it matters. Matching what already ranks earns you the right to compete, not to win. When every page on the first results page makes the same argument in the same format, the one that takes the position is the one with a better angle or better execution.

Where to find it
Manual checkfreeGoogle, in an incognito windowfreeDataForSEO SERP$0.002 per keyword
What to look at

The angle each ranking page takes, the format it uses, and whether yours repeats one of them or offers something they all miss

Good looks like

Your page takes a defensible angle the ranking pages do not, in the format the results reward, with your own data, examples or experience behind it.

If it fails

Read the first ten results and write down the angle each one takes. Pick the angle nobody has covered, or pick the most common one and out-execute it with first-hand detail they cannot copy.

10

Striking distance keywords high impact

What are you ranking for in positions 11 to 20 in {market}?

Why it matters. The cheapest wins on any site with existing content, and Search Console alone will not show you all of them.

What to look at

Ranked keywords filtered to positions 11 to 20, sorted by volume

Good looks like

Every striking-distance term with real volume has an owner and a next action.

If it fails

Refresh the ranking page, add internal links to it, and match the intent the results are actually rewarding.

11

Content gap high impact

What do {competitors} rank for in {market} that you do not?

Why it matters. This is the step that produces your content plan. Nothing else in the playbook turns into as much work you can hand to someone on Monday.

What to look at

Competitor ranked keywords minus yours, filtered by relevance and difficulty

Good looks like

A prioritised gap list, scored by volume against difficulty.

If it fails

Work the list in order of volume divided by difficulty, not alphabetically and not by what is most fun to write.

12

Topical authority and cluster coverage

Do your pages cover the whole of {category}, or scattered pieces of several topics?

Why it matters. Search engines and AI assistants both reward the site that owns a subject rather than the one with a page about it. A pillar page with supporting pages around it, all linked together, beats the same word count spread across unrelated topics.

What to look at

Whether each topic has one pillar page with supporting pages linking into it, and whether any cluster is half-built

Good looks like

Every topic you claim has a pillar page and enough supporting pages to cover the question properly, all internally linked, with one clear owner page per cluster.

If it fails

Pick the topic you most want to own, build the pillar page, then fill the cluster around it before starting a second topic. Half-built clusters win nothing.

13

Search intent match

Does your page type match what the results in {market} are rewarding?

Why it matters. Publishing a product page against a results set full of guides is the most common reason good content never ranks.

What to look at

Page types in the top ten, plus the Labs intent classification

Good looks like

Your page type matches the dominant type in the top ten.

If it fails

Change the format to match, or pick a different term. Reading the live results beats trusting the label.

14

Keyword cannibalisation

Are two of your pages competing for the same query?

Why it matters. Two half-strong pages rank worse than one strong one, and the wrong one often wins.

What to look at

More than one URL receiving impressions for the same query, or swapping positions over time

Good looks like

One clear owner page for each query.

If it fails

Merge them, make them clearly different, or point the weaker page's canonical tag at the stronger one.

15

Image alt text

Do your images carry alt text?

Why it matters. It is an accessibility requirement first and an image search signal second.

What to look at

Images with no alt text

Good looks like

Every meaningful image described. Decorative images explicitly empty.

If it fails

Write alt text describing the image, not stuffed with keywords.

3Off-page authority

Does anyone else treat the site as worth citing?

8 steps

Re-run quarterly. Other sites link to you slowly, so checking monthly tells you nothing new.

5

Unlinked brand mentions

Who talks about {brand} without linking to it?

Why it matters. The easiest link to earn is from someone who already decided to mention you.

What to look at

Brand mentions across the web, with sentiment, filtered to those with no link

Good looks like

Checked at least monthly, with a standing outreach routine.

If it fails

Ask. A short note to the author converts a good share of these.

7

Anchor text profile

What words do people use when they link to {brand}?

Why it matters. The words other people use when they link to you tell Google what you do. If most of those links use your exact target phrase instead of your brand name, it looks like you paid for them.

What to look at

Anchor distribution across referring domains

Good looks like

Mostly your brand name and natural phrasing, with your target search terms used as link text only a small minority of the time.

If it fails

Earn more brand-anchored links rather than trying to remove the others.

8

Listings and citations only if local or physical presence

Is {brand}'s business information consistent everywhere it appears in {market}?

Why it matters. Only relevant to businesses with a local or physical presence, where inconsistent details suppress local results.

What to look at

Name, address and phone consistency across listings and review platforms

Good looks like

Identical details everywhere, profile claimed and complete.

If it fails

Correct the outliers, starting with Google Business Profile.

4Rank and performance

What is organic search delivering, and what is it worth?

6 steps

Re-run monthly. This is the section that tells you whether anything you fixed worked.

1

Rank tracking

Where do you rank in {market} for the terms you care about, including the ones sending no clicks yet?

Why it matters. Search Console only reports positions for queries that produced impressions, so everything below the visible floor is invisible to it. This is the step that sees them.

What to look at

Live position for each tracked keyword, weekly

Good looks like

A tracked set that is checked weekly and reviewed monthly.

If it fails

Check weekly, not quarterly. Fifty keywords weekly for a year costs about $5.

2

Is the measurement itself trustworthy

Before you read any number, is the tracking actually correct?

Why it matters. Every other step in this section reads a number, and a number from broken tracking is worse than no number because it gets acted on. Missing conversion tracking, unfiltered internal traffic and a disconnected property have all sent sites in the wrong direction for a quarter at a time.

Where to find it
Google Analytics 4freeGoogle Search ConsolefreeThe brand's own recordsfreeManual checkfree
What to look at

Analytics installed on every page, Search Console verified and linked to analytics, conversions defined and firing, internal and team traffic excluded, and the organic channel attributing correctly

Good looks like

Conversions are defined and recorded, internal traffic is excluded, Search Console and analytics are linked, and organic sessions reconcile with Search Console clicks within a sensible margin.

If it fails

Fix tracking before acting on any number in this section. Define the conversions that matter, exclude your own devices, link Search Console to analytics, and check that a test conversion actually records.

3

Search performance

What is organic search actually delivering?

Why it matters. This is the number every other step is trying to move. Without it you cannot tell whether anything you fixed actually worked.

What to look at

Clicks, impressions, click-through rate and average position over 28 days against the prior period

Good looks like

Clicks trending up over 90 days.

If it fails

Work the striking distance and click-through rate steps before creating anything new.

4

Click-through rate outliers

Where do you rank well but get ignored?

Why it matters. You already rank well for these queries, so nobody has to build or earn anything new. You only have to make the result worth clicking, which makes it the cheapest traffic on the site.

What to look at

Queries in the top ten with click-through rate well below the expected curve for their position

Good looks like

No high-impression query sitting far below its expected rate.

If it fails

Rewrite the title and description for that query's intent. Check whether a results feature is absorbing the click.

5

Results features

What else is on the page competing for the click?

Why it matters. Ranking first does not mean being first on the page. Google can stack an AI overview, a featured snippet and four ads above your result. By the time someone scrolls far enough to see you, they have often already got their answer, so the same position one earns far fewer clicks than it used to.

What to look at

Which features appear on the results page for each query: AI overview, featured snippet, people also ask, ads, local pack, video

Good looks like

You hold the features that exist for your priority terms, or you know why you do not.

If it fails

Format the answer to win the snippet, or accept a lower ceiling and reweight the term.

6

What organic is worth high impact

Does organic traffic convert, and into what?

Why it matters. Rankings are not the goal. This is the step that connects the work to revenue and the only one a finance reader cares about.

Where to find it
What to look at

Organic sessions, engagement and conversions by landing page in Analytics, then the same visits traced through to deals in your CRM

Good looks like

Organic conversion rate at or above your site average, and you can say which deals started with an organic visit.

If it fails

If traffic rises and conversions do not, the problem is intent match or the page itself, not ranking.

5Diagnosis

If something moved, do we know why?

3 steps

Only when something drops. Skip it entirely the rest of the time.

1

Drop triage high impact

If something fell, what kind of problem is it?

Why it matters. Three very different causes look identical in a traffic graph, and treating the wrong one wastes a quarter.

What to look at

Traffic against rankings against links over the same window, plus what the page looked like before the drop

Good looks like

Any drop has a named, evidenced cause.

If it fails

Stable rankings with falling clicks is a click-through or results-layout problem. Falling rankings site-wide is algorithmic or technical. A drop confined to one page group is a content problem.

2

Visibility history

How has your overall visibility moved over time?

Why it matters. Separates a real decline from a seasonal dip or a single lost page.

What to look at

Your ranking positions month by month, and what the results pages looked like at the time

Good looks like

Trend understood and dated against known update windows.

If it fails

Line the dates up against algorithm update windows before concluding anything.

3

Competitor movement

Did you fall, or did someone else rise?

Why it matters. Losing position because a competitor improved is a different problem from being penalised, and needs a different response.

What to look at

Competitor visibility over the same window as your own drop

Good looks like

You can name who took the position and what they changed.

If it fails

Read the page that replaced yours. Usually it answers the question better or more directly.

6AI visibility (GEO and AEO)

When buyers ask AI assistants, are we named, correctly?

9 steps

Re-run quarterly. ChatGPT, Claude, Perplexity, Gemini and Google's AI overviews change their answers as they update, so any run is a snapshot.

1

Can AI crawlers read the site high impact

When a crawler without JavaScript fetches your pages, how much text does it actually get?

Why it matters. Most AI visibility checks skip this, and it is often the actual cause. If your pages need JavaScript to show their text, a crawler that does not run JavaScript sees a nearly blank page, and a nearly blank page gets quoted by nobody.

Where to find it
What to look at

View source on each important page, or turn JavaScript off in the browser, and compare the text actually in the HTML against what the page shows. To check the whole site at once, crawl it twice in Screaming Frog, once with JavaScript rendering on and once off, and compare the word counts.

Good looks like

The text sitting in the HTML is within 20% of what the page shows once it has loaded, on every important page.

If it fails

Render the text on the server so it is in the HTML before JavaScript runs. No amount of AI optimisation helps a page that returns nothing without JavaScript.

2

Do we appear in AI answers high impact

When buyers ask AI assistants about {category}, is {brand} named?

Why it matters. This is the headline number for the whole section. Every other step here explains why it came out the way it did.

Depends entirely on the question bank. A bank from one source produces a confident wrong answer here.

What to look at

Share of questions from the bank where the brand is mentioned, by platform

Good looks like

Mentioned in a meaningful share of category questions, rising quarter on quarter.

If it fails

Fix readability first, then proof and comparison content. Present this as a snapshot, because answers vary between runs.

3

Who gets cited instead

When {brand} is not named, who is, and which sources are quoted?

Why it matters. This shows you who the AI assistants treat as the answer in your category, and which sites they keep quoting to get there. Those sites are your route in.

What to look at

Competitor mention counts and cited domains across the question set

Good looks like

You know the top cited domains for your category and have a route into them.

If it fails

Target the repeatedly cited sources. Presence in them is a faster route to citation than site changes alone.

4

Google AI Overviews

Do your terms trigger an AI overview, and are you in it?

Why it matters. An overview absorbs the click even when you rank first beneath it.

What to look at

Whether an AI overview appears for the query at all, and whether you are cited inside it

Good looks like

Cited in overviews on your priority terms, or you know which terms trigger one.

If it fails

Overviews draw on the sources ranking beneath them. Winning the underlying results is still the route in.

5

Entity clarity

Is it unambiguous who {brand} is and what it does?

Why it matters. AI systems describe entities they can identify. Ambiguity produces either silence or a wrong description, and the wrong description is worse.

What to look at

Organisation and person markup carrying one consistent identifier, links out to your official profiles, and one clear description repeated the same way everywhere

Good looks like

One official description of the business, used the same way on the site, in the markup and on your social profiles.

If it fails

Use the same description everywhere, and make sure the markup points at the same identifier on every page.

6

How we are described

When an AI assistant does mention {brand}, is what it says accurate?

Why it matters. Being described wrongly is worse than not being described. It is also the fastest thing to fix, because it is usually a source problem.

Where to find it
What to look at

The wording ChatGPT, Claude, Perplexity and Gemini each return about the brand, scored for accuracy. Record all four, because they disagree and they draw on different sources

Good looks like

Descriptions match your own positioning, with no outdated pricing, features or claims.

If it fails

Find the source of the wrong claim and correct it there. Old press and outdated third-party listings are the usual culprits.

7

Is there anything worth citing

Does {brand} publish facts an AI assistant can quote?

Why it matters. AI assistants cite specifics. Pages of adjectives give them nothing to lift.

Where to find it
What to look at

Named authors, dates, original figures, named customers, methodology, direct quotes

Good looks like

Every page that matters carries at least one specific fact an AI assistant could quote and attribute.

If it fails

Add original data and named sources. One real number beats a page of claims.

8

Comparison coverage

Do you answer the questions buyers ask when comparing you to {competitors} and {leader}?

Why it matters. Buyers ask AI to compare options, so a brand with no comparison content is absent from the highest-intent question there is.

Where to find it
The brand's own recordsfreeGoogle, in an incognito windowfreeDataForSEO SERP$0.002 per keywordDataForSEO Labs$0.012 per request plus $0.00012 per row
What to look at

Coverage of alternatives, versus and best-for queries from the question bank

Good looks like

An honest page for every serious alternative, including where you are not the right choice.

If it fails

Write the comparisons. Naming where a competitor is the better fit increases the odds of being cited, not the opposite.

9

llms.txt and crawler access

Do you tell AI crawlers what matters, and do you let them in at all?

Why it matters. A robots.txt that blocks GPTBot guarantees invisibility, and it is often set without anyone deciding to.

Where to find it
Manual checkfree
What to look at

llms.txt present, and robots.txt rules for GPTBot and OAI-SearchBot (ChatGPT), ClaudeBot and anthropic-ai (Claude), PerplexityBot, and Google-Extended (Gemini and AI overviews)

Good looks like

A deliberate decision, documented. Either allowed and guided, or blocked on purpose.

If it fails

Check robots.txt before anything else in this section. Blocking the crawlers makes every other step here pointless.